A travel trailer’s breakaway system is the last braking safeguard for an emergency in which the hitch separates from the tow vehicle. Because the cable sits around the hitch, it can be pinched by safety chains, dragged on the ground, or kinked during sharp turns. Even if it appears connected, the cable, switch, and dedicated battery must all work properly for the system to do its job.
What the Breakaway System Does
In an electric trailer-brake system, a cable connected to the tow vehicle pulls a pin from the switch, allowing the trailer’s dedicated battery to apply the brakes. This device is not a substitute for normal braking; it is intended for a situation in which the tow vehicle and trailer have fully separated.
Safety chains and the breakaway cable serve different purposes. Safety chains are intended to keep a separated trailer connected to the tow vehicle, while the breakaway system activates the trailer brakes when its pin is pulled as designed. Wrapping the cable carelessly around a safety chain may prevent it from pulling when needed or cause it to pull unintentionally during ordinary turns.
Some systems have different designs, such as hydraulic surge brakes. If a system uses a mechanical cable without a battery, check that the actuating lever on the tongue has not seized from rust or debris. Follow the manuals from the applicable axle, brake, and trailer manufacturers for inspection and testing procedures.
Pre-Departure Inspection Steps
First, inspect the cable for fraying or sharp kinks, and make sure the switch housing is not cracked. The pin must be fully inserted, and the dedicated battery in an electric system should be checked for charge and terminal connections.
Route the cable with enough slack for normal left and right turns, while keeping it from dragging on the ground or hitch components. Follow the device manufacturer’s instructions for the proper attachment point and cable length. Check the manual to determine whether attachment to a removable hitch component on the tow vehicle is permitted.
Functional testing must also follow the manufacturer’s procedure. Leaving the pin out of an electric-brake system for an extended period can damage the electromagnets, so do not lengthen the test time on your own. If the response is uncertain or the cable or switch is damaged, have it repaired by a qualified service shop before departure.
Source checked: RV LIFE, RV Areas to Check After Summer Travel
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